論涉他合同

論涉他合同

摘  要

合同的相對(duì)性是整個(gè)合同法制度和理論的基礎(chǔ)之1。涉他合同是適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展需要而產(chǎn)生的對(duì)合同相對(duì)性原理的制度性修正。涉他合同之涉他，包括債務(wù)人有義務(wù)使第3人向債權(quán)人履行債務(wù)和第3人有權(quán)請(qǐng)求債務(wù)人履行債務(wù)兩種情形。前者即由第3人給付合同，后者是向第3人給付合同。我國關(guān)于涉他合同的立法條文只是散見于各單行法中，合同法第64條、65條規(guī)定過于籠統(tǒng)，未賦予第3人任何法律地位，與德國法上的“經(jīng)由被指令人而為交付”相同，因此不屬于涉他合同。結(jié)合我國的立法現(xiàn)狀及實(shí)踐的需要，應(yīng)在民法典及合同法中設(shè)專條對(duì)向第3人給付合同予以規(guī)定，明確向第3人給付的合同使第3人直接取得請(qǐng)求債務(wù)人履行的權(quán)利,債權(quán)人同時(shí)享有請(qǐng)求債務(wù)人向第3人履行的權(quán)利。

關(guān)鍵詞：合同關(guān)系相對(duì)性；涉他合同；向第3人給付；法理分析

ABSTRCT

The relativity is one of the foundations of system and theories of Contract Law. The reason why the third party referred to the contract cone into being is to adapt to the need of social development and the institutional amendment to the contract relativity principle .The third party referred to the contract should include the following two :debtors have the duty to make the third party performing the debt to the creditors;the third party has the right to demand compensation.The former is named by Pays by the third person ,the latter is named by Pays to the third person.The legitimatize law on  the third party referred to the contract can only be seen in the special law . Although the articles 64 and 65 of contemporary Chinese contract law are similar with the German law regulation ——Geheissperson ,they do not entrust any legal status of the third Party ,they are not the contract referring to the third party.So in terms of the current legislation and the needs of practice ,it will adjust to the requirements of the improvement of legislation of the third party referred to the contract from both the Civil Code and the Contract Law which adding to the special atrticles of Pays to the third person .The third party getting his or her right to demand debtors performing the duty ,and the creditors have the rights to ask the debtors performing their duty to the third party is the contract which regulated that the third party can be paid .

Keywords: the contract relativity principle；the third party referred to the contract； Pays to the third person；The analysis of jurisprudence
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