看《孔子》學語錄：人生態度

時間：2020-11-15 12:46:38 禮儀英語我要投稿

看《孔子》學語錄：人生態度

　　“言必信，行必果”、“人無遠慮，必有近憂”……孔子這些有關人生態度的名言我們耳熟能詳。今天向大家介紹孔子經典語錄中英文對照的“人生態度”篇。　　
　　性相近也，習相遠也。By nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.
　　過而不改，是謂過矣。Not to mend the fault one has made is to err indeed.
　　己所不欲，勿施于人。What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.
　　言必信，行必果。Keep what you say and carry out what you do.
　　君子以文會友，以友輔仁。The superior man on grounds of culture meets with his friends, and by their friendship helps his virtue.
　　三軍可奪師也，匹夫不可奪志也。The commander of the forces of a large State may be carried off, but the will of even a common man cannot be taken from him.
　　后生可畏，焉知來者之不如今也？A youth is to be regarded with respect. How do you know that his future will not be equal to our present?
　　有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎？ Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters?
　　人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?
　　父在，觀其志。父沒，觀其行。三年無改于父之道，可謂孝矣。While a man’s father is alive, look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his conduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of his father, he may be called filial.
　　不患人之不己知，患不知人也。I will not be afflicted at men’s not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men.
　　詩三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思無邪。In the Book of Poetry are three hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be embraced in one sentence-- "Having no depraved thoughts."
　　關睢樂而不淫，哀而不傷。The Kwan Tsu is expressive of enjoyment without being licentious, and of grief without being hurtfully excessive.
　　父母在，不遠游，游必有方。While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a distance. If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place to which he goes.
　　德不孤，必有鄰。Virtue is not left to stand alone. He who practises it will have neighbors.
　　吾十有五而志于學，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳順，七十而從心所欲，不逾矩。 At fifteen I set my heart upon learning. At thirty, I planted my feet firm upon the ground. At forty, I no longer suffered from perplexities. At fifty, I knew what were the biddings of Heaven. At sixty, I heard them with docile ear. At seventy, I could follow the dictates of my own heart; for what I desired no longer overstepped the boundaries of right.

　　賢哉回也!一簞食，一瓢飲，在陋巷，人不堪其憂，回也不改其樂。賢哉回也! Incomparable indeed was Hui! A handful of rice to eat, a gourdful of water to drink, living in a mean street. Others would have found it unendurably depressing, but to Hui’s cheerfulness it made no difference at all. Incomparable indeed was Hui.
　　知者樂水，仁者樂山。知者動，仁者靜。知者樂，仁者壽。The wise find pleasure in water; the virtuous find pleasure in hills. The wise are active; the virtuous are tranquil. The wise are joyful; the virtuous are long-lived.

　　逝者如斯夫，不舍晝夜。It passes on just like this, not ceasing day or night!
　　食不厭精，膾不厭細。He did not dislike to have his rice finely cleaned, nor to have his minced meat cut quite small.
　　非禮勿視，非禮勿聽，非禮勿言，非禮勿動。Look not at what is contrary to propriety; listen not to what is contrary to propriety; speak not what is contrary to propriety; make no movement which is contrary to propriety.
　　人無遠慮，必有近憂。If a man take no thought about what is distant, he will find sorrow near at hand.
　　君子有三戒。少之時，血氣未定，戒之在色。及其壯也，血氣方剛，戒之在斗。及其老也，血氣既衰，戒之在得。There are three things which the superior man guards against. In youth, when the physical powers, are not yet settled, he guards against lust. When he is strong and the physical powers are full of vigor, he guards against quarrelsomeness. When he is old, and the animal powers are decayed, he guards against covetousness.
　　唯女子與小人，為難養也。近之則不孫，遠之則怨。Of all people, girls and servants are the most difficult to behave to. If you are familiar with them, they lose their humility. If you maintain a reserve towards them, they are discontented.
　　（本文所選語錄由英國蘇格蘭漢學家理雅各先生翻譯。理雅各，英文名James Legge，原名詹姆斯·萊格，英國蘇格蘭漢學家，曾在香港主持英華書院，翻譯多本中國古代著作。）

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